Torch Commando

The Torch Commando was a group of former South African soldiers who had served during the Second World War (Robertson 1971, 51). Founded in 1951, the Torch Commando was organized specifically to oppose the introduction of the Separate Representation of …

Black Sash

The Black Sash was founded in 1955 during the constitutional crisis as the Women’s Defence of the Constitution League, “an organization of white women to promote respect for the constitution and protest the loss of voting rights for Coloureds” (Michigan …